Liver+ Revive & Restore™

Science and Quality

In a recent double-blind, placebo-controlled study (Rajendra 2022), 88 overweight, non-alcoholic subjects with elevated liver health index were given either 320 mg of Milk Thistle or 300 mg of 4’Liver. After 84 days of use, positive results were seen in all of the following:

Milk Thistle:

• Liver Health index
• Γ-glutamyl-transferase (GGT) – Reduction of 9.62% vs. baseline
• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) – Reduction of 21.91% compared to placebo
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
• Cystatin C
• Albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio
• Glutathione (GSH)
• Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs)
• Superoxide dismutase (SOD)
• Malondialdehyde (MDA)
• Gastrointestinal symptom score (GIS) total improvement of 50.96% compared to placebo
• Improved physical functioning, emotional functioning, and vitality according to Short-Form-36 (SF-36), including questions regarding the ability to perform daily tasks (climbing stairs, walking, bending, bathing, dressing)
• Healthy metabolic function and lipid profile

4’Liver:

• Liver Health index
• Γ-glutamyl-transferase (GGT) – Reduction of 17.30% vs. baseline
• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
• Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) – Reduction of 8.91% compared to placebo
• Albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio – Reduction of 12.67% vs. baseline
• Malondialdehyde (MDA)
• Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs)
• Superoxide dismutase (SOD)
• Glutathione (GSH)
• Gastrointestinal symptom score (GIS) total improvement of 43.02% compared to placebo
• Epigastric (upper abdominal) discomfort (GIS sub-score) sub-score improvement of 82.92% compared to placebo
• General intestinal symptoms (GIS sub-score) improvement of 52.26% compared to placebo
• Stool-related symptoms sub-score (GIS)
• Improved physical functioning and vitality according to Short-Form-36 (SF-36), including questions regarding the ability to perform daily tasks (climbing stairs, walking, bending, bathing, dressing)
• Healthy metabolic function and lipid profile

In a 2012 double-blind, placebo-controlled study (Tome-Carneiro 2012) with 75 subjects undergoing primary cardiovascular therapy were given 8 milligrams of resveratrol. Resveratrol was shown to significantly improve all of the following:

• Healthy inflammatory response
• Interleukin-10 (IL-10)
• Apolipoprotein B levels for cardiovascular health
• Adiponectin levels (an indicator of metabolic health)
• Lipid profile levels and ratios
• Plasminogen activator inhibitory type 1 (PAI-1)

4’Liver is a combination of two botanical extracts, both which are adaptogenic herbs that originate from India and have traditional use in Ayurvedic practices.

• Terminalia chebula, commonly known as black myrobalan or haritaki, is a member of the Combretaceae family that is native to India and Southeast Asia and is known for its plethora of therapeutic uses, including liver health and heart health.
• Sphaeranthus indicus, also known as Gorakhmundi or East Indian globe thistle, belongs to the Asteraceae family. Widely distributed throughout India, Sphaeranthus indicus has a history of traditional use in Ayurveda for its broad spectrum of uses such as a digestive tonic and as a hepatoprotective (helpful to the liver).

A 2022 study showed 4’Liver’s positive effect on critical biomarkers of liver health such as enzymes and antioxidants.

Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) is a member of the Asteraceae family native to the Mediterranean region and has a long history of traditional use for liver and metabolic health. Milk thistle seeds contain a mixture of flavonolignans that are collectively referred to as silymarin (Camini & Costa 2020).

Milk thistle’s therapeutic effects were recognized by the Greek pharmacologist Pedanius Dioscorides (40–90 A.D.; author of the renowned botanical text De Materia Medica) who recommended its tea in the case of serpent bites (Abenavoli 2018).

In traditional Chinese therapies, milk thistle is considered an herb with cleansing effects (Boukazoula & Ayari 2022), and it has been used therapeutically by folk healers around the world (Camini & Costa 2020).

The milk thistle in Liver+ Revive & Restore is standardized to at least 80% silymarin and no less than 30% silybin + isosilybin.

Opitac™ L-Glutathione: Glutathione is an antioxidant that plays critical roles in the body, such as facilitating the transport of impurities and scavenging oxidative, stress-causing free radicals (Pizzorno 2014).

The ability to produce glutathione varies per person, but there is an even greater need for glutathione when there is increased exposure to environmental contaminants and poor nutrition and lifestyle habits (Minch & Brown 2019).

Various foods contain glutathione such as asparagus, avocado, and cucumber (Minch & Brown 2019).

The clinically validated form of Glutathione in Liver+ Restore & Renew, Opitac™, was inspired by the words "optimize" and "intact" based on the essential functions that glutathione has that are necessary for optimal health (Mitsubishi Website 2019). Opitac™ is FDA Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS), suitable for vegans, is certified halal and kosher, and is made without bioengineered ingredients.

Resveratrol: Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound known as a stilbene that is naturally found in grapes, wine, grape juice, peanuts, cocoa, and berries of Vaccinium species, including blueberries, bilberries, and cranberries. Our resveratrol is sourced from Japanese Knotweed root extract.

It has been thought that the impressive cardiovascular health of the French may be attributed to the high levels of resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound found in wine (Wenzel & Somoza 2005; Alternative Medicine Review 2010). Resveratrol occurs in two forms—trans and cis—the trans form being the predominant one in red wine.

Numerous in vitro and animal studies have shown that resveratrol has antioxidant and inflammatory-regulating activities. Resveratrol also helps support healthy LDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B levels for cardiovascular health, as well as healthy adiponectin levels, an indicator of metabolic health.

Selenium is an essential trace mineral that exerts a variety of biological functions as part of the amino acid selenocysteine (Higdon 2001). It provides antioxidant support and is a major component of many enzymes that play various roles such as scavenging free radicals. Animal models and epidemiological studies have shown an association between low serum selenium and numerous health issues (Shih 2022).

Choline is an important component of the human diet and is utilized for normal function of all cells. The liver depends on having a source of choline and is a key organ for its metabolism and storage (Corbin & Zeisel 2012).

Choline is found in various food sources such as dairy, liver, eggs, legumes, nuts, beef, leafy greens, seed oils, and grain germs (Guerrerio 2012). However, many people do not meet the daily recommended intake of choline (which ranges between 250 mg to 550 mg daily) – particularly in those following vegetarian or vegan diets (Arias 2020).

Animal studies have shown that when liver cells are choline deficient, their mitochondria become dysfunctional resulting in overproduction of free radicals (Corbin & Zeisel 2012).

Quercetin: Quercetin is a part of the flavonoids family and can be extracted from many vegetables and fruits including onions, apples, and berries. It is also found in nuts, seeds, barks, flowers, teas, and leaves (Shi 2019). Our quercetin is sourced from the bud of Sophora japonica, which is a tree species in the pea family, also known as the Japanese pagoda tree and the Chinese scholar tree.

The name quercetin comes from the Latin word “Quercetum”, which is a yellow-colored compound (Babaei 2018). Dietary quercetin is often present in its glycoside form, in which one or more of its sugar compounds is bound to phenolic groups. The bioavailability of quercetin increases as the attached sugar groups increase (Shi 2019).   

In vitro studies with quercetin have conveyed several mechanisms that are necessary for a healthy liver such as acting on inflammatory cytokines regulating cellular function (Li 2018).

Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is a member of the Asteraceae family native to Europe. It has traditional use in Mexican health practices. Today, dandelion is used in salads, soups, wines, and teas, and the roasted root can be used as a coffee substitute (NIH 2020).

Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) is a perennial plant that is a member of the daisy family, and native to the Mediterranean region, the Balearic Islands, and northern Africa (Brinckmann & Williams 2023).

Artichokes have a prevalent cultural significance—appearing in the renowned Greek textbook De Materia Medica where its root was described as being used as a deodorant—and images of the plant have been found on temple walls and tombs of pharaohs of ancient Egypt (Brinckmann & Williams 2023).

Schisandra (Schisandra chinensis), also known as Chinese magnolia vine, is a dioecious climbing plant that has a history of traditional use in Chinese and Russian therapies (Szopa 2017). All traditionally used for a wide range of health concerns as well as overall wellness.

Abenavoli L., et al. Phytother Res. 2018;32(11):2202–13.
Alternative Medicine Review. Resveratrol Monograph. 2010;15(2):152–58.
Arias N, et al. Nutrients. 2020;12(8):2340.
Babaei F, et al. Journal of Food Science. 2018;83(9):2280–87.
Boukazoula F & Ayari D. Biomarkers. 2022;27(5):461–69.
Brinckmann J & Williams M. American Botanical Council. Artichoke Monograph. 2023.
Camini FC & Costa DC. Journal of Basic Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology. 2020;31(4):20190206.
Corbin, KD & Zeisel SH. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2012;28(2):159–65.
Guerrerio A, et al. Am J Clin Nutri. 2012;95(4):892–900.
Higdon J. Selenium. Linus Pauling Institute. https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/minerals/selenium. 2001.
Li X, et al. Front Pharmacol. 2018;9:72.
Minch, DM & Brown BI. Nutrients. 2019;11(9):2073.
Mitsubishi International Food Ingredients, Inc. Opitac. https://opitacglutathione.com/ (2019).
National Institutes of Health. Dandelion. https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/dandelion (2020).
Pizzorno J. Integr Med. 2014;13(1):8–12.
Rajendra VPK, et al. Functional Foods in Health and Disease. 2022;12(7):361–79.
Shi G, et al. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy. 2019;109:1085–99.
Shih C, et al. Nutrients. 2022;14(17):3625.
Szopa A, et al. Phytochem Rev. 2017;16(2):195–218.
Tome-Carneiro J, et al. Am J Cardiol. 2012;110(3):356–63.
Wenzel E & Somoza V. Molecular Nutrition and Food Research. 2005;49(5):472–81.

Product Quality

• Manufactured to exacting standards using highest quality raw materials
• Produced in accordance with our strict Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) that meet those set by the FDA’s Good Manufacturing Practices
• Every batch tested to verify purity and potency specifications are met
• Quality assured with our Triple-Testing Philosophy™
• Backed by our 100% satisfaction guarantee